A key aspect of Gestalt psychology that explains the tendency for ambiguous images to pop back and forth unstably between alternative interpretations in the mind. Important for understanding visual perception and designing interfaces that avoid ambiguity.
A methodology for creating design systems by breaking down interfaces into their basic components (atoms, molecules, organisms, templates, and pages). Essential for creating scalable and maintainable design systems.
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) is a strategic planning tool that is applied to a business or project. Essential for strategic planning and decision-making.
The practice of using data analytics and metrics to make informed decisions, focusing on measurable outcomes and efficiency rather than intuition or traditional methods. Important for optimizing design processes, improving product performance, and making data-driven decisions that enhance user experience and business success.
Methods and techniques used to overcome mental blocks that hinder creative thinking and problem-solving. Crucial for maintaining productivity and fostering innovation in design.
A design technique that involves showing only essential information initially, revealing additional details as needed to prevent information overload. Crucial for creating user-friendly interfaces that enhance usability and reduce cognitive load.
Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) is a framework that focuses on understanding the tasks users are trying to accomplish with a product, emphasizing their goals and motivations over product features. Crucial for designing products that meet real user needs and motivations.
A series of numbers where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones, creating a pattern found in nature and various fields. Useful for understanding natural growth patterns, efficient estimation techniques, and its relationship to the aesthetically pleasing Golden Ratio.
The emotional attachment an employee feels toward their organization, which influences their desire to stay. Useful for understanding employee retention and motivation in organizational design and management.
A collection of reusable components, guided by clear standards, that can be assembled to build any number of applications, ensuring consistency and efficiency. Crucial for maintaining design consistency and efficiency across products.
Also known as Magical Number 7 +/- 2, a theory in cognitive psychology that states the average number of objects an individual can hold in working memory is about seven. Crucial for designing user interfaces that align with human cognitive limitations.
Acquisition, Activation, Retention, Referral, and Revenue (AARRR) is a metrics framework for assessing user engagement and business performance. Important for product managers to understand customer lifecycle and optimize business growth.
A design philosophy that emphasizes core design principles over rigid adherence to standardized processes. Essential for maintaining creativity and innovation in large-scale, process-driven environments.
A principle stating that 80% of effects come from 20% of causes, often used to prioritize tasks and identify key areas of focus. Essential for prioritizing tasks and focusing efforts on the most impactful areas.
A Lean methodology concept identifying seven types of waste in processes to improve efficiency. Valuable for product managers and engineers to optimize processes and eliminate inefficiencies.
A set of rules and standards that define how a brand should be represented across all media and platforms. Crucial for ensuring brand consistency and maintaining brand integrity.
Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive (MECE) is a problem-solving framework ensuring that categories are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive, avoiding overlaps and gaps. Essential for structured thinking and comprehensive analysis in problem-solving.
A cognitive bias where people overemphasize information that is placed prominently or in a way that catches their attention first. Crucial for designing interfaces and information displays that manage user attention effectively.
The difference between a brand's desired perception and the actual perception held by consumers. Important for identifying areas of improvement and aligning brand strategy with consumer expectations.
The error of making decisions based solely on quantitative observations and ignoring all other factors. Important for ensuring a holistic approach to decision-making.
A problem-solving method that involves asking "why" five times to identify the root cause of a problem. Useful for designers and product managers to uncover underlying issues and improve processes and solutions.
A strategic framework used to analyze the external macro-environmental factors affecting an organization: Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal. Essential for strategic planning and understanding market dynamics.
The totality of all interactions a customer has with a brand, shaping their overall perception and relationship with the brand. Essential for building strong customer relationships and fostering brand loyalty.
The established set of core values, stories, and attributes that define a brand's identity and guide its communications. Essential for maintaining brand consistency and authenticity.
The series of actions or operations involved in the acquisition, interpretation, storage, and retrieval of information. Crucial for understanding how users handle information and designing systems that align with cognitive processes.
A problem-solving process that includes logical reasoning, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithmic thinking. Important for developing efficient and effective solutions in digital product design and development.
Measurements used to evaluate the success of an organization, employee, or process in meeting goals. Necessary for assessing performance and driving continuous improvement.
A psychological phenomenon where people remember uncompleted or interrupted tasks better than completed tasks. Crucial for designing engaging experiences that leverage task incompletion to maintain user interest.
A metric used to rank leads based on their engagement with a brand, indicating their readiness to purchase. Crucial for prioritizing leads and improving sales efficiency.
An intermediary that gathers and provides information to users, typically in an online context. Important for helping users make informed decisions based on aggregated data.
A theory of motivation that emphasizes the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in fostering intrinsic motivation and psychological well-being. Important for understanding how to design experiences that support user motivation and well-being.
A psychological state where individuals lose their sense of self-awareness and personal responsibility in groups, often leading to atypical behavior. Crucial for understanding group dynamics and designing experiences that promote positive group interactions.
A cross-functional team that is given the autonomy, resources, and authority to make decisions and take ownership of the product's success, focusing on solving user problems and achieving business outcomes. Important for fostering innovation, accountability, and agility, leading to more effective product development and higher user satisfaction.
A cognitive bias that causes people to believe they are less likely to experience negative events and more likely to experience positive events than others. Crucial for understanding user risk perception and designing systems that account for unrealistic optimism.
The spread and pattern of data values in a dataset, often visualized through graphs or statistical measures. Critical for understanding the characteristics of data and informing appropriate analysis techniques in digital product development.
The perceived heaviness or importance of an element in a design, influenced by factors such as size, color, and contrast. Crucial for creating balanced and visually appealing designs.
Business Intelligence (BI) encompasses technologies, applications, and practices for the collection, integration, analysis, and presentation of business information. Crucial for making data-driven decisions and improving business performance.
An agile methodology that separates product discovery and product delivery into parallel tracks to ensure continuous learning and delivery. Essential for balancing innovation and execution in agile product development.
Responsive Web Design (RWD) is an approach to web design that makes web pages render well on a variety of devices and window or screen sizes. Essential for creating flexible, adaptive web experiences that maintain functionality and aesthetics across different platforms and devices.
A symmetrical, bell-shaped distribution of data where most observations cluster around the mean. Fundamental in statistics and crucial for many analytical techniques used in digital product design and data-driven decision making.
Return on Investment (ROI) is a performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency or profitability of an investment or compare the efficiency of different investments. Crucial for assessing the financial effectiveness of business decisions, projects, or initiatives.
A medium through which a product or service is delivered to a customer, including physical and digital channels. Crucial for understanding how products and services reach end users.
Happiness, Engagement, Adoption, Retention, and Task (HEART) is a framework used to measure and improve user experience success. Important for systematically evaluating and enhancing user experience.
A process decision toolkit that allows organizations to tailor their agile practices to their specific needs, promoting agility and continuous improvement. Crucial for optimizing agile practices to fit organizational contexts.
A cognitive bias where individuals overestimate the likelihood of extreme events regressing to the mean. Crucial for understanding decision-making and judgment under uncertainty.
A lightweight, flexible approach to software development that emphasizes team communication and continuous improvement. Useful for tailoring agile practices to fit the specific needs of the development team.
A Japanese word meaning inconsistency or variability in processes. Helps in recognizing and addressing workflow imbalances to improve efficiency.
The pursuit of a healthy relationship with technology, balancing its use to enhance well-being without causing harm. Important for promoting healthy technology use and designing user experiences that support well-being.
The integration of digital technology into all areas of a business, fundamentally changing how it operates and delivers value to customers. Essential for staying competitive and relevant in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.
The practice of quickly testing and iterating on ideas to validate assumptions and learn from user feedback in a short time frame. Essential for agile development and making data-driven decisions efficiently.
The phenomenon where external incentives diminish intrinsic motivation, leading to reduced performance or engagement. Important for designing motivational strategies that do not undermine intrinsic motivation.
The practicality of implementing a solution based on technical constraints and capabilities. Crucial for evaluating the viability of design and development projects.
A statistical technique that uses random sampling and statistical modeling to estimate mathematical functions and simulate systems. Useful for risk assessment, decision-making, and performance optimization in digital product design.
The process of working together with others to generate creative ideas and solutions, leveraging diverse perspectives and skills. Essential for producing innovative and well-rounded design solutions.
A behavioral economic theory that describes how people choose between probabilistic alternatives that involve risk, where the probabilities of outcomes are known. Crucial for understanding decision-making under risk and designing systems that align with user behavior.
Elements in a process that cause resistance or slow down user actions, which can lead to frustration or be used intentionally to prevent errors and encourage deliberate actions. Important for recognizing both the negative impact of unnecessary delays and the positive use of intentional friction to enhance user decision-making and reduce errors.
A design approach that divides a system into smaller parts or modules that can be independently created, modified, replaced, or exchanged. Crucial for creating flexible, scalable, and maintainable systems.
An action in a user interface that, once performed, cannot be undone and typically involves deleting or removing content. Important for emphasizing the severity of the action and ensuring user confirmation to prevent accidental data loss.
The tendency for individuals to give positive responses or feedback out of politeness, regardless of their true feelings. Crucial for obtaining honest and accurate user feedback.
A consensus-building technique where participants show their level of agreement or support by raising zero to five fingers. Useful for quickly gauging team agreement and making collaborative decisions in product design and development meetings.