A principle stating that a system should be liberal in what it accepts and conservative in what it sends, meaning it should handle user input flexibly while providing clear, consistent output, similar to the principle of fault tolerance. Essential for designing robust and user-friendly interfaces that accommodate a wide range of user inputs and behaviors while maintaining reliability and clarity in responses.
The characteristics and qualities that define a brand and distinguish it from competitors. Essential for creating a unique brand identity and guiding brand communications.
The ease with which users can quickly find and understand information on a webpage or document, often enhanced by design elements like headings, bullet points, and short paragraphs. Crucial for improving user experience and ensuring that content is accessible and easy to navigate.
Trust, Risk, and Security Management (TRiSM) is a framework for managing the trust, risk, and security of AI systems to ensure they are safe, reliable, and ethical. Essential for ensuring the responsible deployment and management of AI technologies.
A cognitive bias where individuals tend to avoid risks when they perceive potential losses more acutely than potential gains. Important for understanding decision-making behavior in users and designing systems that mitigate risk aversion.
An organization that places the product at the center of its operations, ensuring that all departments align their efforts to support product development and success. Crucial for creating a cohesive and focused approach to product development and business growth.
A consensus-building technique where participants show their level of agreement or support by raising zero to five fingers. Useful for quickly gauging team agreement and making collaborative decisions in product design and development meetings.
A design concept where digital interfaces incorporate elements that resemble their real-world counterparts to make them more intuitive and familiar to users. Important for creating intuitive and user-friendly interfaces by leveraging familiar real-world cues.
A cognitive bias where a person's subjective confidence in their judgments is greater than their objective accuracy. Crucial for understanding user decision-making and designing systems that account for overconfidence.
A behavioral economics model that explains decision-making as a conflict between a present-oriented "doer" and a future-oriented "planner". Useful for understanding user decision-making and designing interventions that balance short-term and long-term goals.
The study of psychology as it relates to the economic decision-making processes of individuals and institutions. Essential for understanding and influencing user decision-making and behavior in economic contexts.
A cognitive bias where individuals evaluate outcomes relative to a reference point rather than on an absolute scale. Essential for understanding decision-making and consumer behavior.
The change in opinions or behavior that occurs when individuals conform to the information provided by others. Important for understanding social dynamics and designing systems that leverage social proof and peer influence.
A recommendation system technique that makes predictions about user interests based on preferences from many users. Essential for personalizing user experiences and improving recommendation accuracy.
The practice of designing and implementing processes, systems, or business solutions in a way that ensures their long-term viability, efficiency, and maintainability. Crucial for creating durable and efficient designs that remain practical and effective over time, ensuring the ongoing success and feasibility of digital products and operations.
A type of long-term memory involving information that can be consciously recalled, such as facts and events. Important for understanding how users retain and recall information in design.
Goals, Ideas, Steps, and Tasks (GIST) is an agile planning technique to break down projects into manageable parts. Essential for organizing and executing agile projects effectively.
Guidelines and principles designed to ensure that AI systems are developed and used in a manner that is ethical and responsible. Crucial for building trust and ensuring the responsible use of AI technologies.
The structure of brands within an organization, defining the relationships between parent brands, sub-brands, and other brand entities. Crucial for organizing brand portfolios and ensuring cohesive brand management.
An enhanced version of the SCAMPER technique that includes additional prompts to further stimulate creativity and innovation. Useful for expanding the scope of ideation and generating more diverse ideas.
A framework for prioritizing product features based on their impact on customer satisfaction, classifying features into categories such as basic, performance, and delight. Crucial for understanding customer needs and prioritizing features that enhance satisfaction.
The persistence of misinformation in memory and influence on reasoning, even after it has been corrected. Crucial for understanding and mitigating the impact of misinformation in design and communication.
An approach to design that aligns design activities with strategic business goals, ensuring that design contributes to overall organizational success. Essential for integrating design into the strategic planning process and achieving business objectives.
The study of how humans interact with systems and products, focusing on improving usability and performance. Crucial for designing user-friendly systems and products.
A data-driven methodology aimed at improving processes by identifying and removing defects, and reducing variability. Crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of digital product development processes.
Redundant, outdated, or unnecessary code or design elements that accumulate over time in a system. Important for identifying and removing to maintain clean, efficient, and maintainable systems and interfaces.
A framework suggesting there are two systems of thinking: System 1 (fast, automatic) and System 2 (slow, deliberate), influencing decision-making and behavior. Crucial for understanding how users process information and make decisions.
The cues and hints that users follow to find information online, based on perceived relevance and usefulness. Important for designing intuitive navigation and content structures that align with user expectations.
An approach where designers and non-designers work together throughout the design process to create user-centric solutions. Crucial for creating more inclusive and effective design outcomes.
A cognitive bias that causes people to attribute their own actions to situational factors while attributing others' actions to their character. Essential for helping designers recognize their own situational influences on interpreting user behavior and feedback.
A brief description of how a product, service, or brand meets the needs of its target audience and stands out from competitors. Crucial for defining the unique value proposition and guiding marketing strategies for digital products.
Substitute, Combine, Adapt, Modify, Put to another use, Eliminate, and Reverse (SCAMPER) is a creative thinking technique that encourages innovation in a product or process. Useful for generating new ideas and improving existing products or processes.
A visual workflow management method used to visualize work, limit work-in-progress, and maximize efficiency. Crucial for improving workflow and productivity in various processes.
A marketing strategy that delivers targeted advertising and content based on the context of the user, such as their behavior or environment. Crucial for improving user engagement and relevance of marketing efforts in digital products.
The process of defining how a product is perceived in the minds of consumers, relative to competing products, to create a unique market identity. Essential for differentiating a product and attracting the target market.
A brand architecture strategy where multiple distinct brands are managed under a single parent company. Crucial for managing diverse product lines and maximizing market reach.
A reading pattern where users skip over certain sections of content, often due to a lack of perceived relevance. Crucial for designing content that is engaging and relevant to prevent users from bypassing important information.
The phenomenon where external incentives diminish intrinsic motivation, leading to reduced performance or engagement. Important for designing motivational strategies that do not undermine intrinsic motivation.
Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) is an agile project delivery framework focused on delivering business value early and continuously. Essential for ensuring that projects align with business goals and user needs through iterative processes.
Modifications or additions to a system that encourage specific user behaviors. Important for guiding user actions and improving the effectiveness of interactions.
A market space that is already crowded with competition, where companies fight for market share, leading to intense rivalry and lower profitability. Important for understanding competitive dynamics and market saturation in strategic planning.
A cognitive bias where the total probability assigned to a set of events is less than the sum of the probabilities assigned to each event individually. Important for understanding how users estimate probabilities and make decisions under uncertainty.
The study of how individuals make choices among alternatives and the principles that guide these choices. Important for designing decision-making processes and interfaces that help users make informed choices.
A decision-making strategy where individuals are prompted to make a choice rather than defaulting to a pre-set option. Useful for increasing user engagement and ensuring intentional decision-making.
A form of regression analysis where the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is modeled as an nth degree polynomial. Useful for modeling non-linear relationships in digital product data analysis.
A cognitive bias where individuals or organizations continue to invest in a failing project or decision due to the amount of resources already committed. Important for designers to recognize and mitigate their own risks of continuing unsuccessful initiatives.
The practice of ensuring that all brand activities and communications are consistent with the brand's values, mission, and identity. Essential for maintaining a cohesive brand image and fostering trust and loyalty among customers.
A Japanese term meaning "continuous improvement," focusing on small, incremental changes to enhance processes and products. Crucial for fostering a culture of ongoing improvement and excellence in product design and development.
The practice of being open and honest about operations, decisions, and business practices, fostering trust and accountability. Essential for building trust with users and stakeholders and ensuring ethical business practices.
Minimum Viable Experience (MVE) is the simplest version of a product that delivers a complete and satisfying user experience while meeting core user needs. Essential for rapidly validating product concepts and user experience designs while ensuring that even early versions of a product provide value and a positive impression to users.
A reusable solution to common design problems that provides a standard way of addressing recurring issues in design. Essential for creating consistent and efficient design solutions.
The study of the nature, functions, and effects of cinema, exploring how films communicate and create meaning. Useful for understanding narrative and visual techniques that can be applied in multimedia design.
The tendency for people to defer purchasing decisions to a later time, often leading to procrastination. Important for understanding consumer behavior and optimizing sales strategies.
A visual or auditory cue that indicates how to interact with an element in the user interface. Crucial for enhancing usability by clearly communicating the purpose and function of UI elements.
The practice of selling additional products or services to an existing customer. Essential for increasing revenue and enhancing customer value.
Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) is a program developed by W3C to improve web accessibility. Essential for creating guidelines and resources to help make the web accessible to people with disabilities.
A cognitive bias that causes people to believe they are less likely to experience negative events and more likely to experience positive events than others. Crucial for understanding user risk perception and designing systems that account for unrealistic optimism.
A design process model that outlines four phases: Discover, Define, Develop, and Deliver, promoting both divergent and convergent thinking. Crucial for structuring the design process and fostering both creativity and precision.
The arrangement of information in a way that prioritizes the most important content, guiding users through the information in a logical order. Crucial for creating clear and navigable interfaces that enhance user experience.
The study of mental processes such as perception, memory, reasoning, and problem-solving. Important for designing interfaces that align with how users process information and make decisions.